Background remover

Most people assume passport photos always have a white background. A significant number of countries specifically do not want white and will refuse a photo that has one. The United Kingdom asks for light grey or cream and states plainly that white is not suitable. Ireland wants light grey or light blue. Germany, Austria, Sweden, Norway and Denmark specify plain light grey.

The reasoning is practical: a pure white backdrop gives no separation between the subject's outline and the page when the photo is printed onto a white document, which makes automated face extraction harder. A light grey preserves the head outline.

Replacing the background solves an unsuitable wall colour, a patterned wall, a visible door frame, a skirting board, and a shadow that falls on the wall behind you. Those are the most common home-photo problems and they are all completely fixable.

What it cannot fix is a shadow on your face, uneven lighting across your features, glare on glasses, motion blur, or a photo taken so close that your facial proportions are distorted. Those live in the subject rather than the backdrop, so they need a retake.

Segmentation works by contrast. It performs best when your hair and clothing differ in tone from the wall behind you, and worst when they match. Dark hair against a dark wall is the classic failure case, as is a white shirt against a white wall. If the result looks wrong, changing the wall or the shirt fixes more than any slider could.